This study consists on a theoretical research which aims to develop critical reflections on the epistemological bases of the person centered therapy and of the gestalttherapy configured in the conceptual matrices elaborated by Carl Rogers and by Frederick Perls. It analyzes some psychotherapies' theoretical new configurations proposed by Brazilian authors, starting from the articulation with Martin Heidegger's certain phenomenology concepts. The psychotherapeutic theories, in general, still maintain a conception of abstract existence out of the historical context. The world today puts us before great challenges, so it is necessary new ways of understanding the human existence and a clinical labor which gives support to the contemporary man's sufferings. The methodological path used in the study consists of: 1. Selection of classic texts to compose the epistemological matrices of the person centered therapy and gestalt; 2. selection of material produced by authors that present critical analysis regarding the theme; 3. systemization of conceptual categories of the matrix of the respective psychotherapies; 4. analysis and discussion of some present themes in national publications which indicate points of new configurations of the matrices. Among the indicatives pointed by the investigated authors, it was possible to highlight: the need to include the stranger, the lack, in the person centered therapy as condition of possibility of the existence; overcoming the essence concept in the gestalt therapy; Heidegger's anguish concept resonances for the clinical practice, since that is not understood as a psychopathological symptom to be extinct or a functional disturbance; the opening and care concepts as well which make possible to think the therapeutic function as an aid to the customer to interpret himself, returning to his own care in a free and responsible way. We have come to the conclusion that although more studies regarding the theme are needed, there is already, at the present time, a movement on the part of some psychologists in throwing a contemporary glance on the person centered therapy and gestalt, standing away from an essencialist conception of subject and of a cloistered subjectivity.
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