The aim of this research is to present a comparative evaluation of environmental damage
produced by different housing contexts whithin the same urban space, in a district of Belém
municipality, called Guamá, one represents a formal context
José Bonifácio Av., and other
represents the informally produced space
Riacho Doce community. This evaluation has
taken into account the following features, namely: per capita consumption of water, per
capita consumption of sewage, universality and equality of the provision of sanitation
services (water supply, sewage), charging for water supply, quality and accessibility of
services, housing context, socio-environmental features, in order to characterize the
population living in those referred areas and finally to estimate the organic charge (Tonne /
day) and the flux of effluents generated in spontaneous settlements and in a consolidated
urban area, with the aim of identifying which housing context presents greater potential for
impact in terms of flow generation and organic charge on effluents receiving basin, in this
case the Tucunduba basin. Although the results are relatively close values, in the area of the
Riacho Doce the flux of sewage is estimated as 44,38 m3/ day and organic charge is
estimated as 13,31 Kg of DBO/day, whereas in the area of the José Bonifácio the flux of
sewage is estimated as 43,06 m3/day and organic charge is estimated as Kg of DBO /day.
It was possible to verify from results, that there are differences between the environmental
impacts yield by the two areas above referred on the receiving basin of river Tucunduba,
being that the environmental impact generated by Riacho Doce, where the population
remains in contact with the effluent and under a greater sanitary vulnerability, since that
effluents of Jose Bonifacio Av. are guided by drainage system and its organic charge is
diluted by flux of rainwater to reach Tucunduba River (removing the contamination of its
source) while the effluents from Riacho Doce are launched in natura directely below houses
and in Tucunduba River.
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