The HCV is a spherical virus that presents a RNA genome with a
positive polarity. Actually classified into the flaviridae family, and
Hepacivirus genre, presenting a 9.4 Kb constituted by a unique and long
open reading frame (ORF) which comprises almost all the genome. It
presents two untranslated regions (UTR) at the 5' and 3' extremities. The
major polyprotein is clivated in ten minors proteins, resulting in structural
and non-structural proteins. This virus shows preferentially the blood
transmission and is distributed around the world. The diagnosis has been
done accidentally in the most of cases while sorological and molecular
screening is done. This work has as the main objective, to compare the
imuno-enzematic assay (ELISA) with polimerase chain reaction test (PCR) in
the occasion of pre-selection of blood donors. Detection screening by PCR
was done in 290 samples that were positive or indeterminate for ELISA
assay. The result analysis showed that the samples positive-ELISA/positive-
PCR and positive-ELISA/negative-PCR are two different and independent
samples (p=0,0006). This difference is supposed to be due a differential
immunologic response of the samples that presented positive PCR result.
We attended a correlation between DO/cut-off (ELISA) and viral load in PCR
as we see in other virus like HIV, however the results appears totally
disperse (R2=0,025), confirming the non-correlation between the two testes,
ELISA and PCR for detection of virus C.
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