This thesis aims to identify the main institutional, political, legal, and economic colonization process present in private companies and families in the cities of São José do Rio Claro and Canarana, both the State of Mato Grosso. The importance of such aspects unveil is a function of the need to understand the private colonization facing small farmers in the Central South, allocated in the Amazon in Mato Grosso. The deepening of these analyzes will support future processes of colonization, as well as mitigate likely negative impacts that reverberate even today in these municipalities. The search is configured as exploratory and descriptive study was implemented in the field in both counties. The literature and documents sought to raise the historical aspects of land occupation, the presence of organizations and institutional processes that enabled the commercialization of land and the consequences of colonization for small private farmers. The colonization undertaken by private firms and households is configured as a continuation of the "colonial enterprise." The occupation of the Amazon in Mato Grosso established the presence of organizations and public and private institutions the process of land privatization, taken by vacant of Mato Grosso. The banter for land acquisition was fractionated by laws and organizations that facilitated the purchase by the State. These lands came to small holders Mid-South trade via land undertaken by private colonizers. Migrant farmers came from a productive culture based on a natural environment own climate south and southeast, the state faced difficulties with the weather in the Midwest, limiting agricultural production in the culture experiments brought. Aspropane ..living environments. Between success and failure, can nowadays repair cautoores acquired, although consider that their knowledge is not recognized pioneer and valued in public politic asm still searching based small farm workers. In this sense, the study confirms the hypothesis that colonization encouraged the private logic of capitalist production the small landowning farmer Mid-South, not only to provide you with access to land, but by a market logic that made possible through the lands the process of buying and selling areas of various sizes, even in amounts lower than allowed by the official organ of the government. Fomented the occupation, calling the rural worker and hence the manpower required for large projects capitalists. It was found that small producers were not included in the planning of government organizations.
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