Descriptive taxonomy studies of fish parasites in the Amazon Region are relevant,
considering the great biodiversity of known hosts. The aim of this was to analyze parasites found in Ageneiosus ucayalensis, describing new helminthes species, redescribing species and finding new hosts for species of known helminthes, using Light Microscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy and Molecular Biology. A. ucayalensis, a fresh water siluriform from South America, is poorly studied, despite its importance in the trophic chain of fresh water environment and the great value in the regular diet of Amazonian populations. Those hosts inhabit the base level of Guamá river and Guajará Bay being parasited by helminthes of Phyla Plathyhemintes, Acanthocephala and Nematoda, which are described for the first time. In this study two new species of Nematoda were described, Procamallanus
(Spirocamallanus) belenensis and Cucullanus ageneiosus; new host and new occurrence were described for Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) rarus; moreover, we described larval forms of nematoda of Families Anisakidae (Anisakis sp.), Cystidicolidae (Pseudoproleptus sp.) and Cucullanidae (Cucullanus sp.) parasiting A. ucayalensis. Parasites of phylum Plathyhelmintes, Class Cestoda, represented
by metacestodes and adults of family Proteocephalidae were also described, as well as class Monogenea, represented by helminthes of family Dactylogiridae, subfamily Ancyrocephalinae and phylum Acanthocephala by specimens of Neoechinorhynchidae, family (Genus Neoechinorhynchus). We believe that the
present study contributes with important data to parasite biodiversity from Amazon Region.
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