The objective of this work was to evaluate the genetic variability of ostrich
populations (Struthio camelus) through RAPD markers (Random Amplified
Polymorphic DNA). 121 samples of individuals were used from Pará, Maranhão,
Tocantins and Minas Gerais States. The genomic DNA was extracted from total
blood. Fifteen primers were selected among the 60. The products of the PCR were
visualized in agarose gel 1.5% and, a binary matrix was generated considering the
presence (1) of a amplified fragment and its absence (0). The ideal number of
polymorphic bands was estimated through the bootstrap analysis using the GQMOL
software. The genetic similarity was estimated through the Jaccard coefficient using
the NTSYS-PC (Numerical Taxonomy and Multivariate Analysis System) software,
version 2.02. The origin of the genetic diversity was quantified by the analysis of
molecular variance (AMOVA) using the Arlequin 2,0 software. The 15 primers
generated a total of 109 polymorphic bands and the bootstrap analysis showed that
at least 100 bands is the ideal number for sampling the genetic diversity, as
determined by the high value of correlation (r=0,99), the low value of the squared
deviation sum (1,25), and the low stress (0,05). The results suggest that the studied
populations are from the same origin. Management measures must be adopted in
these breeding, even using other molecular markers in the way to amplify the genetic
variability and the conservation of this important genetic resource. RAPD.The bootstrap analysis showed that from 100 bands the work already becomes more
trustworthy, a time that the magnitude of the correlation was well next to the
maximum value (r=0,99), as also the addition of squares of shunting lines (SQd)
reached low value 1,25 and the value of it estresse (e) was of 0,05. In the analysis
between pairs of groups, it was verified that the greater and minor similarity are in
lathe, respectively, of 0,86 and 0,00. In that it says respect to the distribution of
frequency of the similarities gotten between the 5,644 pairs formed in the genetic
matrix, it can be verified that 32,69 % of the pairs had been enclosed in the
classrooms with similarities varying of 0,01 the 0,10. One notices that the biggest
percentage (85,59%) of the pairs was distributed in the three first classrooms of the
extremities and that the minority of them (14,41%) presented similarities varying of
0,21 the 1,00. The test of Mantel showed correlation of 0,81 and the dendrograma
generated 67 groups delimited for the Sm that was of 0,49. The biggest 0,86
similarity was of and the minor of 0,06. The relative data to the analysis of molecular
variance had shown that the percentage of genetic variation between origins was low
and significant (24,03%, p < 0,0001), evidencing that great part of the variation meets
inside of the populations (75,97 %). markers RAPD they had been efficient in the
characterization of the genetic similarity.
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