Was investigated the effectiveness of the Conservation Units of Integral Protection,
Conservation Units of Sustainable Use and Indigenous Lands in the inhibition of
deforestation in the Amazon. Data analysis was processed in GIS (Geographic
Information System) in ArcGIS 9.3. The statistical model developed to test the
effectiveness of Protected Areas was based on the difference between the observed
deforestation in Protected Areas and deforestation in Protected Areas estimated from
the surrounding five kilometers and ten kilometers of Protected Areas. It was found
that in forest area by the year 2007, the Protected Areas occupy approximately 40%
of the Amazon. Conservation Units of Integral Protection occupied 7.5% of the
Amazon, Conservation Units of Sustainable Use occupied 11.2% of the Amazon and
Indigenous Lands occupied 21% of the Amazon. Was a significant difference in the
proportion of area occupied by the types of Protected Areas among the Amazonian
states. It was noted also that the internal rate of deforestation in the Conservation
Units of Integral Protection and in the Indigenous Lands was lower than in the
Conservation Units of Sustainable Use. The internal rate of deforestation in the
Protected Areas was much lower than the rate of deforestation is external to these
areas in the states of Mato Grosso, Para and Rondonia. According to the statistical
model of effectiveness, 62.3% of the Protected Areas studied were effective in
containing the deforestation. This model is an important instrument to direct public
policy planning for the conservation of the Amazon, because it indicates the
protected areas most threatened by deforestation. It is essential to establish urgently
the creation of more Protected Areas in the Amazon and the consolidation of existing
protected areas, since it is not known how long these areas will be able to maintain
without the minimum necessary for their support.
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