The present study analyzes the conception of development that the social program Bolsa Família establishes with education and that perspective of social transformation is verified from the insertion of this, in the reality of the Municipality of Melgaço that is located in the Archipelago of Islands of the Marajó, distant 250 km straight from Belém, this municipality has the specificity of the lowest HDI title in Brazil, 0.418, the lowest of the 5,565 cities surveyed. The research is characterized by its hybrid qualitative approach and as the main instrument of data collection was used the semi-structured interview, whose data were treated in light of the thematic content analysis. The research is made up of bibliographical sources, books, legislation, articles, documents and an on-site visit with testimony from the scholarship holders of the Program, representatives of the Department of Education, School Directors and Teachers. Based on the analysis of the collected data, the program was positively evaluated in the minimization of poverty and extreme poverty, in the condition of income generation that the Program provides to the said municipality, in the importance of allowing students access and permanence in the Because of the conditionalities in the Program, but according to parents and teachers, it is a guarantee that the children will have more education and will not continue in the "family-based" poverty cycle. The guarantee of such income directly guarantees the permanence of the child / adolescent in school, since the transfer of direct income provided by the government is one of the municipality's survival guarantees. According to data from the Transparency Portal for the year 2015, which awaits updating, the Municipality of Melgaço received 38,569 payments from Bolsa Família, totaling R $ 10,685,079.00 in reais, which may mean that poorer municipalities receive more resources from Bolsa Família than the tax transfer.
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