The purpose of this dissertation is to identify the main contributions of a continuing education course for teachers of early childhood education, based on historical and cultural theory, to make changes in the conceptions and practices of teacher participants. In order to do so, a qualitative research based on Vygotsky's propositions was carried out, in studies carried out by researchers who follow the theory formulated by him (Delari, Pino, Prestes, Teixeira and Mello and Teixeira and Araújo), other and scholars who treat On the training of teachers of early childhood education, such as Teixeira e Mello and Teixeira e Araújo. Complement the theoretical framework, the legal frameworks related to early childhood education, such as the National Curriculum Guidelines for Early Childhood Education, the Law of Guidelines and Bases of Education and the National Education Plan 2014-2024. The central question of the research was presented as follows: What are the impacts of a continuing education course, based on historical-cultural theory, on the level of improvement in early childhood education in the conceptions and pedagogical practices of teachers? The research was carried out with professors from the municipality of Castanhal-PA. Following the methodological orientation of the historicalcultural theory that it is necessary to understand the genesis of the analyzed problem, the research was divided in two distinct stages. At the first moment, the documentary analysis of four semi-open questionnaires applied by the coordination of the program, to the teachers/cursistas of the municipality, was carried out at the end of the course. The second stage of the research consisted of an empirical research carried out with two teachers, a pedagogical coordinator and a manager, who participated in the course. At this stage, the information was produced from a semi-structured interview with the participants. The data were analyzed focusing the impacts of the course on the changes of conceptions and practices of the participating teachers. The results evidenced that the course caused changes in the conceptions of children, children's education and the role of the teacher, as well as contributing to modifications in their pedagogical practices, contemplating them in their role as teachers, coordinator and director.
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