As part of the Project "Study and Conservation of the Orchidaceae Family: in the Brazilian Amazon" a survey was carried out to analyze the pattern of geographical distribution and ecological characteristics of the genus Rodriguezia Ruiz et Pav. The genus Rodriguezia has been little studied in the Amazon region and there is a need to obtain more botanical information about it since it is a group of orchids well represented in the flora of the region. This survey was done through specialized bibliographies and material deposited in the MG herbarium. Thirty-two species were approached and, from those, 21 occur in Brazil and 8 in the Brazilian Amazon. In the 4 ecological provinces of distribution of the Orchidaceae, the 32 species were arranged as follows: in the 1st province, characterized by temperate climate, there were 6 species; in the 2nd province, which has hot and humid climate, 18 species occurred; in the 3rd province, which is characterized by hot and dry climate, 2 species occurred; in the 4th province, which is formed by cold climates, there was no occurrence of any of the species studied. The results show the preference of the genus under study by the hot and humid climate and a very varied dispersion of species (CNPq / MPEG).
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