Playing is inherent to human life, because it is through play that the child develops its first relationships with the world and is also present in all phases of development, contributing to the process of their bio-psycho-social health. The present work brings a contribution regarding the understanding of playing and living in a practical way in the indigenous society, and its influences on a broader vision of health, having as reference the Tembé indigenous community (Alto Rio Guamá, Pa). We did bibliographic surveys, field observations and records of material culture, as well as occasional observations of the reality of rural and urban children, as a counterpoint, in the perspective of better contextualizing the specificities of indigenous social organization in relation to our object of study. In the process of this investigation, we are verifying ways of learning for the children, inside and outside the kinship network, especially leisure and playful activities, as well as other activities of daily life. It can be inferred that the indigenous Tembé children's activities are contextualized within the socio-economic and cultural relations of their ethnicity, favoring their integrating vision in this process, affecting their capacity for expression and creativity, contributing to a healthier development. We emphasize that our research object incorporates several perspectives, within the challenging interdisciplinary exercise.
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