APA Algodoal/Maiandeua is located in the municipality of Maracanã, northeast coast of the state of Pará, occupying an area of 385 ha, between the geographical coordinates of 00° 34' to 00° 34'S and 47° 31' to 47° 34' W. The area consists of mangrove vegetation in the southern, central and northern portions of the island; hypersaline fields covered by herbaceous vegetation inside or near the mangroves; barrier formation in the interior of the island and restinga vegetation covering much of the sandy plain in the northern, northeastern and western portions of the island. The present work deals with the survey of the species of Arecaceae occurring in this area. The Arecaceae family consists of about 3,000 species distributed in 189 genera occurring especially in the tropics and subtropics. In Brazil, 200 species and 39 genera are found, of which 8 genera and 140 species are endemic to the Amazon, where the most frequent genera are Bactrise and Ceonoma. For the study of the Arecaceae of the APA, excursions were made to collect material in the months of October 2006 and February 2007, as well as using material already herborized and incorporated into the collection of the João Murça Pires herbarium, of the Emílio Goeldi Museum of Pará (MG). All the material was hydrated in 70% ammonia solution, in order to facilitate the description and illustration of the species. Through bibliographic reviews and collections identified by specialists, the differential characteristics of the taxa were confirmed and an identification key for the species occurring in the APA was assembled. Nine species were found for the family, distributed in 8 genera, namely: Astrocaryum vulgare MarL, Bactris campestris Poepp. ex Mart., Bactris hirta Mart., Desmoncus orthacanthos MarL, Euterpe oleracea Mart., Mauritia flexuosa U., Mauritiella armata (Mart.) Burret, Maximiliana maripa (Aubl.) Orude and Oenocarpus distichus MarL.
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