Introduction: The participation of the occupational therapist (OT) in Intensive Care
Units (ICU) is still discreet in Brazil, perhaps because of this, there is a little discussion
of interventions and insertion of this professional in this area. Objective: To synthesize
the actions of OT to restore function in adult patients admitted to the ICU most
frequently described in the specialized literature. Method: Systematic review based on
the PRISMA recommendation. The search for the studies was carried out on the
Cochrane, PubMed, OTSeek, and PEDro platforms using the search terms
“Occupational Therapy”, in the title or abstract, (AND) “Intensive Care Unit” (OR)
“Critical Illness” (OR) “Critical Care”, in other parts of the text. English-language
texts published in the last 20 years were included and texts that describe interventions
in pediatric/neonatal ICU, psychiatric diseases, and review articles were excluded.
Two independent researchers selected the articles and the agreement was submitted
to Kappa analysis. The level of evidence and methodological quality of the included
studies were assessed using the PEDro Scale and the Cochrane Collaboration Tool,
respectively. Results: The main interventions were related to the training of Activities
of Daily Living (ADLs) and tasks related to Instrumental Activities of Daily Living
(IADLs). These private attributions of the profession occurred isolated or with
physiotherapists. The sessions, excluding the contraindication criteria, took place early
(24-48h). Conclusion: The findings show early mobilization interventions, followed
by ADLs/IADLs training and it is also noted that the work of the occupational
therapist in the ICU is under development. Studies on other effects of prolonged ICU
stay should be conducted. PROSPERO record: CRD42020214615.
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