This dissertation work contains theoretical and experimental approaches on the behavior of
light as a wave or as a particle. The development and application took place at Our Lady
Rosary School in person, year 2022 in the month of March, during the times of post-COVID19 pandemic. Despite the difficulties regarding the release of classrooms, due to the pandemic
outbreaks, it was possible to successfully complete the project in a class of the 3rd year of
high school with only 25 students. Also, for this reason, some extensions and adjustments
have been made in the course of product development and application, as since the beginning
of the COVID-19 pandemic, schools have been affected in various ways. Overall, the
pandemic has had a significant impact on schools, thus making it difficult to apply this work
that has as implementation the application of a workshop as an educational product, where
students set up an electronic circuit. For these reasons we will have, in the images and in the
links of the videos during the application of this work, students and teachers wearing masks
for the possible prevention against the virus. With all this care it was possible to apply the
activities successfully in the post-pandemic moments following the hygiene protocols. In this
work, to approach light as a wave or as a particle, two experimental proposals were
constructed in which they were divided into two moments during the application: in the first
we built an automatic door in which we will use a sensor that emits and receives infrared
waves where it was activated using a code embedded in the Arduin. The other experimental
proposal is a workshop where an electronic circuit was assembled, in which it will address the
application of the photoelectric effect, and in this circuit we have as main focus the electronic
component LDR1, because it is in it that the photoelectric effect occurs. With these two
approaches the teacher will be able to explain and apply in an experimental way in the
classroom in his physics classes of the 3rd year of high school in the context of the behavior
of light as a wave or as a corpuscle. In addition, the use of information technologies gives us
necessary tools for teaching physics such as simulators and digital platforms such as the
Arduino. The use of simulators, Phet1 for example, are seen more often in the classroom in
order to make classes more motivating and participatory. In addition to the demonstrations,
this project also aims to understand and apply physics in everyday life and the use and
manipulation of electronic components, such as capacitors, resistors, diodes and among others.
According to protocols, even in the post-pandemic moment, all components have been
sterilized to prevent COVID-19 infections. These applications and adaptations in the
methodology together with the tools that this work has, are based on the theory of significant
learning of David Ausubel where we associate the practical application with the insertion of
digital technologies. The tests and sequential approaches in this work were efficient and
feasible, and may be an option for the teaching of modern physics regarding the behavior of
light as a wave or as a particle.
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