The alarming situation of Mental Health in Brazil has become evident from the
1970s, when the first movement (inspired by European movements) aimed at improving the
treatment offered to people in psychological distress in psychiatric hospitals due to disregard
of rights human of internees, the poor services offered by these institutions and the worsening
of psychiatric illness as a result of the method and asylum management. After decades of
discussions and debates at conferences and health conferences, it was elaborated the Law of
Psychiatric Reform in Brazil (Law 10,216), which aims to extinction of psychiatric hospitals
and hospital systems asylum and the establishment of the Centers of Psychosocial Attention
(CAPSs) and Therapeutic Residences (RTs) for tracking people in psychological distress.
Nevertheless, its guidelines were fulfilled late, a fact confirmed in the state of Amazonas, in
view of the still insufficient CAPSs to the demand of its population and the recent transfer of
internal former patients at the Eduardo Ribeiro Psychiatric Center (CPER) to the RTs, located
in the neighborhood Santa Etelvina in Manaus, called "Lar Rosa Bayla". In light of this recent
change, proposed a research that aims to analyze the perceptions of neighborhood residents
Santa Etelvina about the change of the former patients of CPER for RTs installed in the
neighborhood, and identify the concept of "madness" according to residents of the
neighborhood Santa Etelvina, know the experiences that they may have with people in
psychological distress, and identify strategies to work possible preconceptions and questions
about the effectiveness of psychiatric reform in the Amazon, as the locals are living and
staying in direct contact with former inmates. The methodology used the phenomenological
method of research, based on interviews with the residents about this issue, trying to
understand the existing meanings in his speeches, through a research question, which could be
broken down into several others for the better understanding the testimony of the participants.
In short, we perceive social prejudice, intolerance and the myth of the person in psychic
suffering disability, in addition to resistance from residents of the neighborhood to the
establishment of RTs, continuing a vision of segregation and exclusion to the user of the
mental health network. Nevertheless, in other speeches, he highlighted the importance of
humane treatment to people in psychological distress and the shift in thinking about the sick
individuals, through living for local residents with the residents of RT's. Thus, it is concluded
that the community is still not able to receive the demand of the people in psychological
distress, because there were no awareness campaigns about the direction of psychiatric
reform. However, from these results, one can think of activities that can be developed
between neighborhood residents together with recent residents of RTs, aiming at the real
effectiveness of the psychiatric reform in the Amazon.
|
