The industry of the future has the internet as an important and fundamental role in the production chain process, from the purchase and supply of raw materials to the delivery of the final product to the customer. Companies around the world are running out of time to enter and adapt to the era called Industry 4.0. This paper aims to clarify the following questions: (a) What is industry 4.0? (b) What are the pillars of industry 4.0? (c) What are the challenges faced by the Brazilian chemical industry in adapting to Industry 4.0? and (e) What are the employability of industry 4.0 in the chemical industry? As a methodology, a narrative literature review was carried out, based only on some works or sources on the subject and which are considered to be the most important and capable of providing current and relevant data on the subject. According to the work used in the review, we can define industry 4.0 as the industry that uses technologies, seeking efficiency in production, through controlled and autonomous environments, but with the participation of producers and consumers, impacting a new form of manufacturing , with information exchange between the entire internal and external production chain. In addition, it was observed that several developed countries already use industry 4.0, which is based on nine pillars: big data and analytics, internet of things (IoT), cloud (cloud computing), cyber security, systems integration (artificial intelligence), autonomous robots, additive manufacturing, simulation and augmented reality. It was concluded that the Brazilian chemical industry still has a long way to go before adapting to industry 4.0-related technologies, requiring investments and resources so that the country can equal itself at a global level. In addition, the adoption of this digital model is still difficult, as there is also a lack of qualified labor and the cost of inputs and energy are high. Therefore, studies more focused on the use of 4.0 tools and the application of these technologies in chemical processes are essential for their effective implementation.
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