Introduction: Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis mainly caused by the human papillomavirus. It is a benign and rare disease of the larynx, rarely involving an extra region of the larynx, especially in infantile forms, with life-threatening tracheal and bronchial involvement. HPV tends to induce generalized latent infection due to interference with the host's immune function, with the anogenital region being considered the primary reservoir of infection. Common clinical symptoms of PRR include hoarseness, coughing, wheezing, voice alteration, chronic dyspnea, asphyxia, and syncope. Treatment involves surgical removal of the epithelial lesion in order to maintain airway patency and phonation. The patient must undergo several surgeries, and sometimes, surgical therapy is not enough. Cidofovir is an antiviral agent, its mechanism of action involves decreasing the efficiency of DNA transcription after incorporation into its growing chain. Background and Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of laryngeal papillomatosis in the otorhinolaryngology service of the Hospital Universitário Getúlio Vargas, establish the epidemiological profile of these patients, correlate the clinical and histopathological diagnoses, evaluate the prognosis and carry out a survey in relation to the HPV vaccine. Content: This is a descriptive, unicentric, retrospective population study carried out through the analysis of medical records. Conclusion: The participation of schools is essential to reinforce the adherence of adolescents to vaccination, thus enhancing immunization. The study shows the importance of early diagnosis of children who have a history of hoarseness, dyspnea and stridor, thus preventing the evolution to severe forms, such as respiratory failure, which can lead to emergency tracheostomy.
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