Medicinal plants have been widely used since ancient times. However, few chemical and pharmacological studies have been carried out, which suggests this type of evaluation in plants with therapeutic potential. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oils from aerial parts of a species of Casearia. The leaves of Casearia sp. in January, April and July they were collected on the Itacoatiara Airport Road at Km 5.2 (3º0749.8S 58º2853.4W). The essential oils of the plants were obtained by hydrodistillation of fresh material in a Clevenger apparatus. Essential oil extractions were carried out in triplicate in January, April and July. Then, the chemical analysis was performed in gas chromatography equipment coupled to a mass spectrometer. In order to identify the substances, chromatograms were analyzed and compared with data from the literature. As main results, it was observed average yields of 0,028%, 0,019% and 0,043% for the respective months of collection. Bicyclogermacrene with an average of 30,1% and E-caryophyllene with an average of 28.6%, in addition to D-germacrene (6.8%), β-elemene (5.9 %) and viridiflorol (4.9%). The continuation of this study is necessary to verify the biological activities of the essential oil of the species that can contribute to the development of new products with therapeutic action.
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