Disinformation and fake news are increasingly recurrent phenomena in political-electoral
scenarios, especially due to the strength they have gained in the digital social networks
environment. In the general elections in Brazil in 2022, for example, there was a colossal
volume of false and disinformational content disseminated on digital platforms, which
ended up deceiving part of the population. With that in mind, this research aims to identify
and analyze the fake news and disinformation checked by the Comprova Project about
the 2022 presidential election in Brazil. distinguishes the concepts and characteristics of
the main terms and arrives at a current discussion about the post-truth era. In addition, it
addresses the role of online social networks in political campaigns and correlates them
with the spread of lies, using the Brazilian electoral context of 2018 as one of the
examples of disinformational chaos in the country, as well as pointing out fact-checking
agencies as possible paths to combat misinformation and fake news. To further elucidate
the proposed investigation, the study uses a quali-quantitative approach, performs a
netnographic research (KOZINETS, 2014) on the Comprova Project website and
appropriates Content Analysis (CA), theory by Laurence Bardin (2011), to interpret and
classify the fake news and disinformation that affected Jair Bolsonaro (PL) and Lula da
Silva (PT), the main candidates of the 2022 presidential election. 1) Thematic; 2) To
whom it favored or disfavored; 3) Social networks used; 4) Production format. The results
achieved indicate that the analyzed contents more frequently addressed the theme of
“Manifestations of support or repudiation”, significantly disfavored candidate Lula da
Silva, were published more often on TikTok and Twitter and were disseminated,
preferably, in the format of videos.
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