Biogeografia de Hylaeamys megacephalus (Rodentia Sigmodontinae): integração entre modelos de nicho ecológico e filogeografia
Historical and ecological factors affect distribution and diversification of species. Hylaeamys megacephalus is a rodent from Amazonian forests and Cerrado, with distinctive lineages to the north and south of Amazonas River. Previous studies suggested allopatric divergence by the Amazonas River f...
| Autor principal: | Machado, Arielli Fabrício |
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| Grau: | Dissertação |
| Idioma: | por |
| Publicado em: |
Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA
2020
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| Acesso em linha: |
https://repositorio.inpa.gov.br/handle/1/11984 http://lattes.cnpq.br/9543742617440925 |
| Resumo: |
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Historical and ecological factors affect distribution and diversification of species. Hylaeamys
megacephalus is a rodent from Amazonian forests and Cerrado, with distinctive lineages to
the north and south of Amazonas River. Previous studies suggested allopatric divergence by
the Amazonas River for northern Amazonia, and parapatric between southern Amazonia and
Cerrado. We investigated the evolutionary history of the species integrating phylogeography
and ecological niche models (ENMs). Through cytochrome b mitochondrial gene, we
constructed a phylogenetic tree, haplotype network, estimating divergence time, historical
demography, ancestor areas and dispersion and vicariance events. We ran ENMs of the
species and its lineages, projecting it to the past. We analyzed niche similarity and habitat
corridors. Our results show the three structured lineages, revealing sharing haplotypes only
between south of the Amazon and Cerrado. All lineages diverged by vicariance in
Pleistocene, however individuals with associated haplotypes diverged by dispersion and
vicariance. We found low niche similarity between northern and southern Amazonia, but high
between southern Amazonia and Cerrado. We corroborate vicariant diversification in northern
Amazonia, associated with the establishment of Amazon river. However, due to the wide
distribution of ancestral species, we suggest that environmental factors have also influenced
this process, causing ecological variation between north and south of the Amazon before the
rise of the barrier. About the lineages of the southern Amazon and Cerrado, previous studies
have suggested diversification Parapatric, however, these lines showed high similarity
ecological and model Parapatric Speciation requires selective variation. We suggest that these
lineages diverged by the emergence of Xingu River, going through successive dispersion and
vicariance events caused by change of the river’s water level during the Pleistocene. |