Efeitos da alimentação suplementar na progênie de Melipona interrupta Latreille, 1811 e M. seminigra Friese, 1903
Both in natural environments and in crops bees are considered the main pollinators. It is estimated that belonging to the tribe Meliponini are responsible for 30 to 90% pollination of the native flora. Due to deforestation, poor management of natural resources and also to the natural variations of c...
| Autor principal: | Gurgel, Eduardo Gentil Ginani |
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| Grau: | Dissertação |
| Idioma: | por |
| Publicado em: |
Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA
2020
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| Acesso em linha: |
https://repositorio.inpa.gov.br/handle/1/12501 http://lattes.cnpq.br/7685555091313330 |
| Resumo: |
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Both in natural environments and in crops bees are considered the main pollinators. It is estimated that belonging to the tribe Meliponini are responsible for 30 to 90% pollination of the native flora. Due to deforestation, poor management of natural resources and also to the natural variations of climate conditions for the development of colonies of stingless bees, it is necessary to develop artificial feeding techniques and studies to assess their impact on the development of bees submitted to its use. In this work we were offered three types of artificial feeding, namely, syrup, syrup enriched with pollen and syrup enriched with vitamin compound Vitagold®, besides the control group; and all groups were free to collect resources in nature. The effects of the feeds were observed in the progeny of 40 colonies of two species of stingless bees, with 20 uninterrupted Melipona and 20 M. seminigra, to respect the separation of sex and caste, oviposition and morphometry (weight, length and width of the chest , interorbital distance and area corbicula). Five colonies were used in each treatment group for both species. It was found that the groups that received no extra power produced a smaller amount of brood cells, compared with the groups with additional power. For both species, the group creates more cells produced was fed syrup + vitamin complex, followed by that received syrup and lastly, which received syrup + pollen. However the result was not statistically significant between the groups with extra power. But the differences between treatments, even small, can make a difference in environmental stresses times. It was observed that the frequency of production of queens and males increased as the availability of food in nature increased in mid-September and October. The amount of non-viable larvae (rotten) was measured and showed no statistically significant result for any experimental treatment, which shows the need for more studies be conducted to investigate the causes of this production unfeasible. The mass of bees increased over the experimental time and, in general, the smaller masses at the end of the collections were with syrup + Vitagold® and control groups. The interorbital distance varied greatly over time, but at the end of the experiment and control groups syrup + Vitagold® obtained the smaller for both species. In relation to the chest size reduction occurred in M. uninterrupted during the experimental time, but in M seminigra increased. The M. interrupta groups that obtained the smaller control were followed by the syrup + Vitagold® and M. seminigra was the reverse. The areas of the pollen basket decreased for both species; in M. interrupta the lowest averages were those of control groups and syrup + pollen and M. seminigra syrup + Vitagold® and control. It was observed, however, that the experimental species have different patterns of responses to artificial feeding and that it should be given with caution, especially food developed for other agencies, as the studies concerning this issue are still limited. |