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Dissertação
Fenologia, biologia floral e polinização de três espécies de Flacourtiaceae na região de Manaus - AM
The present study describes aspects of the floral biology, pollination and phenology of Lindackeria paludosa (Benth.) Gilg., Casearia grandiflora Camb. and C. javitensis Kunth (Flacourtiaceae). The work was carried out in Manaus in two areas, one located on the Campus of the “Universidade Federal...
Autor principal: | Flores Vásquez, Silvia Patricia |
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Grau: | Dissertação |
Idioma: | por |
Publicado em: |
Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA
2020
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Assuntos: | |
Acesso em linha: |
https://repositorio.inpa.gov.br/handle/1/12741 http://lattes.cnpq.br/3464312890191658 |
Resumo: |
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The present study describes aspects of the floral biology, pollination and phenology of
Lindackeria paludosa (Benth.) Gilg., Casearia grandiflora Camb. and C. javitensis Kunth
(Flacourtiaceae). The work was carried out in Manaus in two areas, one located on the
Campus of the “Universidade Federal do Amazonas” and the second on the Campus of the
“Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia”. Weekly observations occurred from
November/2003 to December/2004. Morphological description and measurement of the
inflorescences, flowers and fruits were realized. The beginning schedule for anthesis, sequence
of opening, duration, odour emission, stigma receptivity, nectar availability period and pollen
release were registered. Observations of visitors and possible pollinators behaviors were made
during entire the period of flowering, as well as the study of the reproductive success and
system. To the study of the phenology 10 individuals of each species were observed. The
phenology observed were bud emission, flowers and fruits. As for to the morphology the
species present simple, cream-yellowish flowers, exposed stamens and stigma. These
attributes, together with the easy access for reward (pollen and nectar) and the number of
flowers for inflorescence, in general, attract a great number of floral visitors. The flowers of
Casearia javitensis and Lindackeria paludosa open in the morning, and the flowers of
Casearia grandiflora open at night. These three species release a sweet scent during anthesis
and present great potential pollen viability. The volume of nectar for Casearia grandiflora and
C. javitensis was less than 1 μl, however sugar concentration was high (more than 50%). The
most efficient pollinator of Casearia grandiflora and C. javitensis was the fly Ornidia obesa
(Syrphidae), moreover wasps, beetles and butterflies were recorded at a lower frequency. Bees of the families Apidae and Halictidae were the most efficient pollinators of Lindackeria
paludosa. Casearia grandiflora and C. javitensis are self-incompatible species; however
Lindackeria paludosa is self-compatible. The three species presented a high reproductive
potential, but a low pay-emergent reproductive success (PERS). Casearia grandiflora and C.
javitensis presented an annual phenological standard and Lindackeria paludosa presented a
continuous phenological standard. The three species presented full flowering in the dry season
and fruiting in the wet season, as well as synchrony between flowers in the same individual
and asynchronous behavior between different individuals. |