Estudos da biologia reprodutiva, morfologia e polinização aplicados à produção de frutos de camu-camu (Myrciaria dubia (H.B.K.) Mc Vaugh) adaptadas à terra firme da Amazônia Central/Brasil
Camu-Camu (Myrciaria dubia (H.B.K.) Mc Vaugh) is in the Myrtaceae family and is typically Amazonian, native to inundated areas, with fruits which produce the highest concentrations of vitamin C (ascorbic acid) ever documented in nature. The successful domestication of this species requires studies i...
| Autor principal: | Lima, Christinny Giselly Bacelar |
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| Grau: | Tese |
| Idioma: | por |
| Publicado em: |
Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA
2020
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| Acesso em linha: |
https://repositorio.inpa.gov.br/handle/1/12812 http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4766405U3 |
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Camu-Camu (Myrciaria dubia (H.B.K.) Mc Vaugh) is in the Myrtaceae family and is typically Amazonian, native to inundated areas, with fruits which produce the highest concentrations of vitamin C (ascorbic acid) ever documented in nature. The successful domestication of this species requires studies into its reproductive biology to increase its yield for commercial scale production. The objective of this research was to characterize the morphotypes present in the Germplasm Bank at the Experimental Oil Products Station (EEO-INPA-AMAZONAS-AM. Specifically, during the period of April through September in 2006-08, the floral phenology of 12 plants of camu-camu were characterized by identification and studies of pollinator behavior over periods of five day intervals. Furthermore, the effectiveness of the bee Melipona seminigra merrilae in pollinization success was tested by establishing colonies of the bees in Rio Preto da Eva AM. The reproductive system of camu-camu was characterized along the Rivers Uatumã (AM), Cauamé (RR) and Candeias (RO) in 1262 flowers by treatments of breeding, self-pollination, apomixis and natural pollination. Four morphotypes (M1,M2,M3, and M4) were encountered and described demonstrated that plants from Candeias were the most suitable for agriculture characteristics, taking, on average, 29 days from the floral button to anthesis, and 35 days to produce fruits. The sexual phases of the flowers have overlapping every six hours, not allowing for dichogamy and protoginia to interfere directly with auto-pollinization. The bees Melipona seminigra merrilae and Apis mellifera were considered effective pollinators being the first species to be indicated as a prime pollinator for camu-camu. Members of the order Coleptera: Chrisomelidae and order Diptera: Syrphidae play secondary role in pollination. The result of pollination studies showed that M. dubia has a mixed reproductive system with Inbreeding, and allogamy facultative apomixis. In the absence of pollinators, the species can de self-fertilized guaranteeing fruit production. Crosses between Uatumã x Uatumã were considered the most favorableby forming the most number of fruits unaborted (23,6) followed by Uatuma x Cauamé com 15,3 fruiting success. |