Estimativas de biomassa, do índice de área foliar e aplicação do sensoriamento remoto no monitoramento no estudo da cobertura vegetal em áreas de florestas ombrófila aberta e densa na Amazônia
The Amazon, the largest and most diverse of the tropical forest wilderness areas, shelter 33% of the world's tropical forests. However, the scenario of deforestation and degradation of the Amazon forest has been the subject of worldwide interest, primarily due to the growing contribution of defor...
| Autor principal: | Carreire, Mabiane Batista França |
|---|---|
| Grau: | Tese |
| Idioma: | por |
| Publicado em: |
Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia – INPA
2020
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| Assuntos: | |
| Acesso em linha: |
https://repositorio.inpa.gov.br/handle/1/4977 http://lattes.cnpq.br/4643194622880397 |
| Resumo: |
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The Amazon, the largest and most diverse of the tropical forest wilderness areas,
shelter 33% of the world's tropical forests. However, the scenario of deforestation and
degradation of the Amazon forest has been the subject of worldwide interest, primarily due to
the growing contribution of deforestation to global warming. This study was conducted at the
Caiabi Farm in Alta Floresta (north of Mato Grosso State) and in the Tropical Forestry
Experimental Station (EEST/INPA) in Manaus (Central Amazonia). In this research, the main
objectives were the study of the vegetation structure, the stock of dry biomass, the leaf area
index (LAI) and the spectral behaviour of the open and dense ombrophilous forests. The field
inventory was carried out on 3 samples of primary forest, 9 samples of experimental
developed forest with different clear cutting levels and 7 samples of forest in regeneration (5,
8, 11, 23 and 30 years old), which have been cut down and burned, without subsequent use. In
each sample of 1 ha, divided into 9 subsamples 20 by 20 m, we have measured and identified,
by the vernacular name, all the individuals with DBH ≥ 5 cm (in secondary forests), and with
a DBH ≥ 10 cm (in primary and managed forests). In sub-samples, hemispherical photographs
were taken at 10 m-intervals to estimate LAI. The floristic analysis showed that the vegetation
of Alta Floresta is less diverse than the vegetation of Manaus. The stock of biomass and
carbon increases as the successional stage advances. In the managed forest, biomass values
were close to those of primary forest, indicating that these exploited areas recovered the
original stock of biomass, 19 years after the selective exploitation. In developed forests,
statistical analyses of LAI from Alta Floresta and Manaus areas, suggest also highly
significant differences (p < 0.01) between the various succession stages. However, in
developed forest, statistical analyses of LAI do not present significant differences between
treatments after 19 years. Image processing showed us that the SAVI values made it possible
to observe variations among the succession stages. The secondary forests dominated by
Cecropia showed the greatest vegetation indices. Statistical analyses of the temporal series of
the developed areas suggested that the NVDI, SAVI values and the images fractions-
vegetation
and
fraction-shade
change
with
time.
However,
the
interactions
of
treatment*NDVI, treatment*SAVI, treatment*fractions vegetation and treatment*fractions
shade do not vary significantly over time. |