Condições térmicas ambientais relacionadas à exploração florestal na Amazônia Central
The Amazon covers an extensive area with forests that are poorly managed. There are challenges to forest management, poor human resources training, lack of advanced technology and poor working conditions. This causes poor quality of logging, generating unsustainability. This activity requires lar...
| Autor principal: | Nascimento, Kauê Augusto Oliveira |
|---|---|
| Grau: | Dissertação |
| Idioma: | por |
| Publicado em: |
Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA
2020
|
| Assuntos: | |
| Acesso em linha: |
https://repositorio.inpa.gov.br/handle/1/5132 http://lattes.cnpq.br/9118350627518619 |
| Resumo: |
|---|
|
The Amazon covers an extensive area with forests that are poorly managed. There
are challenges to forest management, poor human resources training, lack of
advanced technology and poor working conditions. This causes poor quality of logging,
generating unsustainability. This activity requires large contingent and high physical
load of workers. The thermal comfort at work in tropical regions is between 20 and
24 °C, in the Central Amazon the day averages exceed 28 °C. To worsen the situation,
El Niño phenomena cause an increase in average temperatures in the region. The
current thermal conditions and forecasts for the region are under the requirements of
a controversial labor norm (NR-15). The need for well-being at work, to improve the
quality, health and safety in the forest logging, justify the study. The objective of this
research was to investigate the relationship between environmental thermal conditions
and natural pauses and the performance of workers in forest logging. The data were
collected by operation: cutting, pre-extraction, extraction and patio. The observed data
were compared with the national standard (NR-15 Annex 03) and consulted NHO-06
and NIOSH standards. The WBGT variables and natural pauses (%/hour) were
collected, comparing the pause patterns of the standard with that observed in the field.
Data were collected on heart rate, personal variables (age, weight and height) and
estimated the physical work load by two different methods: Annex C ISO 8996 and
Apud (1989). Performance variables (operational cycle, productivity, mechanical
interruption, hour and natural pauses) and safety (perception of heat and
psychophysiological effects) were collected. These variables were analyzed using
MANOVA and multiple regressions. Environmental variables of the El Niño
phenomenon (November 2015), with the local climate and data of a time without
phenomenon (November 2010), were collected and compared by means of t tests.
Based on WBGT, at 8 a.m., it is necessary to apply pauses, according to NR-15. The
pauses were intermittent, larger every 02 hours of work. The natural pauses
represented about 30% of the pauses of the norm, and their behavior was not altered
by the variation of WBGT. The method of Apud (1989) found physical load and pauses
consistent with the norm. The ISO 8996 method found a very variable physical load,
for the same occupation, related to personal variables. The variables productivity and
natural pauses were strongly influenced by the mechanical interruption, with probable
influence of the hour. All workers showed discomfort with the heat. The statistical
differences between the environmental variables of the El Niño Godzilla with the
climate and the 2010 study were virtually certain. The air temperature was higher and
the relative humidity was lower. The adequacy of the working conditions in the heat
exposure, would result in workers' welfare, with consequent improvements in health,
safety, quality and performance of forest logging, essential requirements for the
sustainability of forest management in the Amazon under the current and future
scenario of climate change. |