Social benefit is financed by social contributions provided for in the Federal
Constitution, its main objective is to guarantee the social security, health and social
assistance rights of all Brazilian citizens. However, social security has become
financially unsustainable, as it has been showing successible budget deficits. In 2019
the government of Jair Bolsonaro proposed and approved a new reform of the Brazilian
Social Security, in which it proposed a new calculation formula the amount of
retirement. This work seeks to understand the changes in the behavior of individuals
in the face of social security reform through Behavioral Economy approaches. In order
to meet this objective, this research is based on a qualiquantitative approach using
exploratory and analytical techniques, based on historical, sociological, economic and
political sources that have been resignifying themselves in the historical course of
almost 200 years of Social Security in Brazil. It is understood that financial planning for
retirement is not a common practice of the Brazilian population, even with a notion of
its importance. Although scared by the arrival of retirement and its consequences, they
have not yet acquired the habit of saving. And, to conclude this work we understand
that the use of behavioral economics in public policies is valid, since it aims to direct
people with difficulties to make long-term decisions, thus showing which paths they
can follow to guarantee their income in the future. In this case, the indicated tool to get
around this situation is in the use of nudges by public policies, because they are low
cost and without harm to those who adhere.
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