The advent of the image culture in the 21st century gave podium to Aesthetic
Medicine, , in particular to Plastic Surgery. However, changes in physical appearance, when
abrupt, repetitive and associated with some specific signs and symptoms, should trigger an
alarm signal for the mental health of the patient in question. Thus, analyzing which
psychiatric disorders are most frequently associated with such patients through a literary and
non-systematic review, there is a way to early detect associated mental pathologies in such
individuals who seek aesthetic interventions. Recognizing how such patterns manifest
themselves is of substantial importance in order to discern what would or would not be
pathological. Associated with this, an analysis of how influence and social control can drive
such individuals and even be related to their illness process was carried out. So that, cosmetic
surgery can be well indicated and not serve as a causative factor or trigger of illness.
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