The supervised traineeship was carried out at the Veterinary Hospital of the
Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Campus Umuarama, in Minas Gerais, in the
period from November 30, 2015, to February 05, 2016, totaling 360 hours. The
trainee ship field comprised the Small Animal Surgery and Anesthesiology. During
this period was attended 130 surgical cases. The trainees accompanied the sector's
residents and were allowed to do the surgical assist of small animals, make
prescriptions and forms, assist in surgical techniques, monitor animal’s cardiac and
respiratory parameters from pre- to post-surgery and perform drug administrations to
attended animals. This work describes the activities carried out during the stage, a
surgical case of mammary tumor in a dog accompanied during this period and a
literature review. Cases of animals treated at the Veterinary Hospital of Uberlândia, to
remove breast tumors, were very significant. This paper reviews the anatomy of the
mammary glands of the dog, as well as the role of female sex hormones, both
estrogen as progesterone, in the development of these tumors in mammals, aiming
at a better understanding of disease onset and the animal's direction mastectomy as
a therapeutic approach. Thus we emphasize the best technique to realize a safe
mastectomy, in order to prolong animal survival with maximum comfort. We also
discuss the routine of surgical procedures such as ovariohysterectomy as prevention
to breast tumors.
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