Although blood donation is recognized as a very safe procedure, reactions of varying severity
can occasionally occur during or after collection. This epidemiological, retrospective, crosssectional,
descriptive, documentary study with a quantitative approach to data, is a pioneer in
the state and aimed to analyze the occurrence of vasovagal reactions related to whole blood
donation at the Institute of Hematology and Hemotherapy of Amapa. 2,155 records of
reactions that occurred between 2014 and 2018 were analyzed. The data collection instrument
addressed demographic and clinical aspects of the donor, type of donation and type of
vasovagal reaction and associated factors according to the criteria of the blood donation
process. Data were tabulated in an Excel spreadsheet and for processing and descriptive
analysis expressed in relative and absolute values, mean and standard deviation presented in
tables and graphs, the Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 22.0 program was used.
Bivariate descriptive statistics were used using contingency tables and the Kolmogorov-
Smirnov normality test, Pearson's chi-square test for categorical data analysis to assess the
difference observed at random, adopting a significance level of 5%. To verify the association
between the types of vasovagal reaction, demographic and clinical variables and associated
factors identified, the Cramér association coefficient (V) was used. The incidence rate of
vasovagal reactions was 3.1%, ranging between 2.4% and 3.8%; with a predominance of mild
reactions (90.2%), more frequent in women (54.4%), aged between 30 and 40 years (33.8%).
A statistically significant association was identified between milder reactions and lower Body
Mass Index, between higher Estimated Blood Volume and lower severity of reactions, and
between higher Systolic Blood Pressure and Diastolic Blood Pressure and lower severity of
reactions; in addition to milder reactions in individuals with lower heart rate, but without
statistical relevance, and no relationship between hematocrit rate and Vasovagal Reaction.
First-time donors (63%) and those who performed targeted donation (70%) suffered more
Vasovagal Reaction. Statistically significant relationships between prolonged fasting and poor
hydration and the occurrence of reactions were also identified. It was concluded that the
profile of Vasovagal Reactions in whole blood donors at the Blood Center of Amapa is similar
to that identified in the literature, in most of the parameters evaluated. This study contributed
to reaffirm the importance of the role of the professional team involved in the care of the donor
throughout the blood cycle, especially in the clinical triage and donation room. It is expected
that it can be a reference for analysis of prospective studies, considering the scarcity of studies
on this topic in the Brazilian Amazon region, in addition to supporting the development of a
protocol with measures to reduce adversity in donation, with a focus on improving clinical
and care practices to this population with a profile more prone to reactions, mitigating the
negative impacts of donation and encouraging the return of the donor.
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