The state of Pará has natural conditions favorable to the development of aquaculture, but its
current production does not even meet the demand of the domestic market, since fish,
crustaceans and molluscs from other federative units are still widely consumed. The regulatory
framework of the activity is pointed out by experts as one of the main responsible for this
context, which also has the vast majority of aquaculture enterprises operating irregularly. The
objective of this study was to analyze the influence of legislation on the performance of
aquaculture in the territory of Pará. For this, a historical survey of the federal and state
regulatory framework of the activity was carried out, evidencing its temporal evolution and
aspects in which the second can adopt more restrictive criteria than the first. Regarding the
municipalities of Pará, their legal norms were consulted in order to identify possible distinctions
in relation to the state regulatory framework and to assess the adequacy of the legal hierarchy
between the norms and the administrative spheres. Finally, possibilities for changes in state
legislation capable of promoting investment attraction for this production chain were presented.
It was found that the legislation of the state of Pará is more restrictive than the federal legislation
with regard to the cultivation of exotic species. The states that make up the Legal Amazon differ
on the criteria for the cultivation of species, even making up the same hydrographic basins,
which compromises the effectiveness of the environmental management of exotic species in
the state of Pará. There is legal uncertainty in fish farming and shrimp farming of exotic species
in the state of Pará regarding the differences existing in the legislation and in the case of oyster
farming due to the legal inadequacy of the reality of the local producer. The municipalities of
Paragominas and Mãe do Rio legislate on exotic species, Mãe do Rio exceeds the competence
of the municipality when it comes to the granting of water resources. The existing legal
differences regarding the size and classification of aquaculture directly affect the environmental
licensing of the activity in the state of Pará.
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