Diabetes mellitus (DM) affects millions of people worldwide and represents an important
public health problem, being associated with several complications, among which diabetic
kidney disease (DRD) stands out. DRD is part of the group of microvascular complications
that represent the main cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in patients entering dialysis
programs. In adults, DRD occurs in 20–40% of people with diabetes, and its presence
significantly increases cardiovascular risk and healthcare costs. The objective of this study is
to create a protocol on DRD, generating behavior algorithms to guide health professionals at
all levels of care through a literature review on updates in pathophysiology, diagnosis and
treatment. The study was carried out through an integrative literature review, based on
searches in the PubMed and LILACS databases, with the terms “DIABETIC KIDNEY
DISEASE” AND “DIAGNOSIS”; “DIABETIC KIDNEY DISEASE” AND
“TREATMENT”; “DIABETIC KIDNEY DISEASE” AND “DIAGNOSIS” AND
“TREATMENT” and their correlates in Portuguese. Repeated studies, case reports, letters to
the editor, comments and studies not available in English or Portuguese were excluded. The
present work also included observational and descriptive studies, literature reviews and
systematic reviews. In addition, the study is based on data from work carried out by the
endocrinology and diabetes research group at the Federal University of Pará. After reviewing
the literature, the selected information served as the basis for the construction of a clinical
protocol regarding screening, diagnosis, and treatment of diabetes kidney disease. The clinical
applicability of our protocol consists of providing a tool, not only for the specialist, but for the
general practitioner in primary, secondary and tertiary care, with the aim of enabling effective
care for patients with diabetic kidney disease. Thus, the adoption by specialist or general
medical professionals of a “PROTOCOL FOR DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF
DIABETES KIDNEY DISEASE” appears as a promising resource in the approach to
individuals affected by this comorbidity.
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