The genus Monopteryx Spruce ex Benth., considered endemic in the Brazilian Amazon, was known in Brazil by only two species M. angustifolia Spruce ex Benth. and M. uaucu Spruce ex Benth. ("uaucu"), which occur only in the northwestern Amazon from the Solimões River to the waterfalls of the upper Negro River and its tributaries, but a new species M. inpae Rodrigues ("mucurana de cheiro"), located near Manaus, was discovered. The range of occurrence of these species is significant. Adult flower buds from exsicata of the IAN and INPA herbaria were submitted to acetolysis and then measured, described and photomicrographed. They were analyzed for size, shape, number, position and character of the apertures (NP C), ornamentation and stratification of the exine. They were also found to be medium-sized, 3-colporate, with a microreticulate surface, the shape ranging from spheroidal prolate to spheroidal oblate, and the amb from triangular to circular (CNPq/MPEG).
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