Continuing the taxonomic studies on Myrtaceae R. Br. from the Amazon, which is a group of plants of economic interest and little studied in our region, a treatment for the genus Calycolpus Berg was elaborated. This taxon presents around twelve species in Tropical America, and in the Amazon it is represented by six species. It is a very complex genus due to its controversial taxonomic delimitation between Psidium Linnaeus and Myrtus Linnaeus. The material analyzed belongs to the collections deposited in the MG and IAN herbaria. The analysis was done under a stereomicroscope, as in the classical procedures of plant taxonomy. Calycolpus is characterized by its shrubby habit, axillary or terminal inflorescences, which may form dichae; the flowers are androgynous, with long pedicels (up to 5cm long), the stamens are numerous, the staminiferous, and the stamens have a long stamens. ), numerous stamens, sepals 5, distinct in the flower bud, petals 5; hypanthium not prolonged above the apex of the ovary; ovary 2-5 locular; edible fruit, berry type, lcm diameter (or more), glabrous or pubescent, oval, persistent calyx. The following species were studied: Calycolpus alternifolius (Gleas.) Landrum, C. calophyllus (H.B.K.) Berg, C. campomanesioides (Berg) Mattos, C. goetheanus (DC.) Berg, C. revolutus (Schauer) Berg and C. surinamensis McVaugh. Descriptions, identification key, illustrations, geographical distribution, as well as species comments and a discussion of the relationships of Calycolpus with Myrtus and Psidium are presented in the paper.
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