Playfulness is part of children's daily lives. It is through make-believe that children create their own world, imitating their experiences with adults.When inserted into the school environment, their routine changes, and it is up to the teacher to have the sensitivity and mission to be the mediator in the teaching and learning processes, without excluding play.Thus, this article aimed to identify the importance of playfulness in the learning process in early childhood education, based on Vykotsk's theory, the methodology of this work is qualitative and bibliographical research. With this, surveys and analyzes of the bibliography were carried out that deal with the topic addressed and the concepts of toys and play and their importance in education were discussed. Therefore, it is essential to understand that games contribute not only to cognitive development, but also to motor, social and physical development. The organization of environments so that playing becomes something pleasurable and natural needs to be planned by the teacher.
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