Viral hepatitis are diseases caused by different etiological agents, ranging from
asymptomatic to fulminant presentation. More than 70% of notified cases of viral
hepatitis compete with hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV) viruses, being responsible for
the greatest social and economic impact, due to the likelihood of progression to other
potentially fatal diseases. Thus, it was intended to investigate the epidemiological
profile and spatial distribution of cases of viral hepatitis B and C in a municipality in the
Brazilian Amazon in the period between 2019 and 2021. This was an ecological and
descriptive population-based study of Altamira in the state of Pará, Xingu region -
Brazilian Amazon, using secondary data from cases of carriers of viral hepatitis and
their relationship with urban reorganization and population dynamics, in addition to the
use of geoprocessing in the evaluation of the existence of micro-regions with a higher
incidence of cases and relative spatial risk. Among the years studied, it was observed
that 94% of notifications belong to the urban area, where the year 2019 presented
55.2% of confirmed cases of hepatitis B and C. There was an incidence of 57.5% of
males, and a representativeness of 66.6% aged over 40 years was noted in relation to
all confirmed cases. As a clinical form, 65.6% of the cases were predominantly related
to chronic hepatitis. Through geoprocessing, it was observed that the greatest density
in the investigated radius was up to 4 cases for hepatitis B and C, characterizing
themselves as areas of risk and of greater attention for screening, surveillance and
monitoring in the municipality. Through all the study carried out, and considering that
Brazil is committed to adopting the objectives proposed by the World Health
Organization to eradicate new cases of hepatitis B and C by 2030, it is concluded that
there is a need for the development of original studies which aim at a better
understanding of the clinical and epidemiological presentation of hepatitis B and C in
the practical assistance experience of each Brazilian Region and State, with the
purpose of more effectively tracing interventions in public and sanitary health for their
eradication.
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