Water is a natural resource that is indispensable for sustaining life, from its various sources existing on the planet: rainwater, surface water (rivers, lakes, streams, and the sea), underground water (springs and aquifers), and glaciers. However, for human consumption, the sources of drinking water are surface and underground. With the growth of economic development many residues are generated, mainly domestic and industrial, and a large part of these rejects are dumped into waterways, contaminating them and putting human life at risk. In view of this, the concern with water-borne diseases is becoming greater and greater. Therefore, water treatment mechanisms are indispensable for the quality of human life. To carry out this work, bibliometric techniques were used, using the R software in the RStudio interface with the Bibliometrix operational routine, to analyze water treatment mechanisms. The United States, China and Canada were the three most prominent countries in the development of scientific studies on the subject, involving several factors, because each country has its own particularities with respect to the supply of drinking water. On the other hand, Brazil appears as one of the countries with the least scientific production on the subject, a worrisome factor, and one of the causes of this lack of research is the absence of public policies. The highlighted countries with the largest studies, have particularities so that the entire population has access to quality water, models that can be applied in Brazil, from the investment of public agents.
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