Equações de biomassa e estoques de carbono de seis espécies em plantios mistos no noroeste do Mato Grosso
During this time of discussion about global warming and climate change, environmental restoration projects thought as a CO 2 sink in its plant biomass are essential in the fighting the increasing concentration of global warming greenhouse gases. One very eficient method to sequester atmosphere ca...
| Autor principal: | Robortella, Henrique Simionato |
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| Grau: | Dissertação |
| Idioma: | por |
| Publicado em: |
Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA
2020
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| Assuntos: | |
| Acesso em linha: |
https://repositorio.inpa.gov.br/handle/1/5103 http://lattes.cnpq.br/5219306860748443 |
| Resumo: |
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During this time of discussion about global warming and climate change, environmental
restoration projects thought as a CO 2 sink in its plant biomass are essential in the fighting the
increasing concentration of global warming greenhouse gases. One very eficient method to
sequester atmosphere carbon is through reforestation and quantifying the resulting stands
carbon. This work aimed at developing biomass quantification techniques of differents tree
species, at understanding the within trees biomass carbon distribution and storage, at
identifying how different species allocate biologic energy produced by photosynthesis and at
assessing São Nicolau Farm reforestation potentiality. This reforestations were estabilished
within the Forestry Carbon Sink Project – a Peugeot/PSA initiative with the support of ONF,
UFMT and SEMA-MT. It concerns large scale forest plantations, recovering forests in 1.742
ha large old pastures with almost 50 forest species. To reach this goal, different allometric
models were tested, and specific equations were generated for the tree species Syzygium
cumini (L.) Skeels – Jambul, Cedrela odorata L. – Spanish Cedar, Tabebuia chrysotricha
(Mart. ex A.DC.) Standley – Golden Trumpet Tree, Tabebuia aurea (Manso) Benth. &
Hook.f. ex S.Moore – Caribbean Golden Trumpet Tree , Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi –
Brazilian Peppertreee and Ceiba speciosa (A.St.-Hil.) Ravenna – Silk Floss Tree. Allometric
models for all the six species together were also tested. Different independent variables were
evaluated: DBH, total height, trunk’s height and canopy width against total biomass. Ten
specimens per species, with minimum DAP of 10 cm and age between 7 and 10 years, were
felled to collect the samples and the weight from each compartment (leaves, thin branches,
thick branches, stem and roots) were measured. Each compartment's moisture content,
density, nitrogen and carbon content was determined. The biomass equations were applied to
the farm's Anual Forestry Inventary, and then the biomass total stock was quantified for six
species in the reforestation. A biomass-carbon conversion factor was calculated based upon
their carbon content, so to quantify the species carbon stock (in CO 2 -equivalent). Among the
results it was found that the best total biomass equations for the species were based on the
model B=a·DBH b (power function). Carbon content means were, generally, similar both
within compartments and within species, except for S. terebinthifolius, whose carbon content
was larger. The general mean carbon content was 47,2% of the biomass. After analysing the
compartment's C/N ratio it was found low values for leaves, followed by thin branches and
the highest values in stems and thick braches. The stocks of total biomass and carbon of the
six species, which represents 11.72% of total basal area of the 10 years old reforestation and
1,742 ha, were, respectively, 3.798 t and 1.799 t. Each species biomass was assessed for its
distribution on tree compartments, and three distinct behaviors were indentified between the
six species. Some species allocated biomass preferencially in the canopy, others in the wood,
and, this last group, secondarilly in canopies or roots. Finally, hypothetic situations of pure
stands of the species were created, to be possible to compare their biomass per hectare with
pure stands of the most commonly used planted species. The species S. cumini and S.
terebinthifolius presented the best stocks per unit area. The conclusion is that the 10 years old
reforestation these species stocks only 5% of total tropical forest biomass, and the main stocks
is related to the species Syzygium cumini and Schinus terebinthifolius. Different effects of the
tested independent variables on the specific equations and different tree architectures among
species were also identified. |