The present work aims to analyze the images from the textbook as a resource that facilitates the
teaching and learning process of Geography. The present research was dedicated to the
investigation on screen from the teaching collection Vontade de Saber Geografia [Desire to
know Geography] authored by Neiva Torrezani, approved by the PNLD 2020, and, therefore,
aligned with the BNCC. The collection was chosen by schools in the city of Porto Nacional –
TO for the final years of basic education. In the developing the research, a theoretical reflection
was promoted on the context and trajectory of the National Textbook Program in Brazil. The
reflection is permeated by Vygotsky's Historical-Cultural theory, which has mediation as a key
concept through language, which in turn is a mediating sign by which the processes of
psychological functioning are provided by human culture. Vygotsky did not leave a method for
reading images, however, based on his theory, it was possible to dialogue with other authors
such as Charles Sanders Peirce, and his theory of signs, seen as an instrument for reading images
that allows the production of perception and interpretation of its context, encompassing every
kind of language in which we can communicate. There was also an analysis of the relationship
of images with the content proposed in the BNCC in Geography textbooks, and a discussion to
understand how the spatial information expressed in the images helps in the formation of spatial
thinking and in the development of the student's geographic reasoning in basic education,
enabling them to analyze and understand reality. As part of the work's methodology, we
proceeded to stratify the images with a count of the different types of images present in the
analyzed collection, and later separated into 12 image categories to meet the research
objectives. As a compositional part of the results and discussions, the 4 types of images most
used by the textbook and which have greater relevance in the teaching and learning process of
Geography were chosen, namely: photographs, maps, satellite images and photos airlines. It
was found that images are fundamental in the teaching and learning process of Geography, as
they enable the observation of phenomena that occur in space resulting from the interaction of
man with the environment. Through the results presented in this research, it is expected to
contribute to the use of the image in order to support the teaching and learning process of
Geography.
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