To think about the relationship between human beings and nature is also to immerse oneself in
different historical and cultural moments. As a social subject of history, human beings establish
meanings and significance for nature, creating connections that guide their way of thinking and
acting in the face of the environment. The main objective of this dissertation was to understand
the connection to nature and environmental behaviors of Amazonian children in a riverside
community in the National Forest (Flona) of Tapajós, Brazil. . The first part of the research
consists of a qualitative systematic review, using the PRISMA recommendation, to identify and
critically select the literature on the main constructs of the dissertation in the Web of Science,
SciELO and Scopus databases, using the descriptors: “Connect* OR Behavio* AND Natur*
OR Environmen* AND Child*”. The structured methodological procedures for data analysis
and synthesis were based on the Qualitative Evidence Synthesis - SEQ protocol. The data were
tabulated and are presented in descriptive tables and graphs. The second part of the dissertation
comprises an empirical study with 20 children between 8 and 11 years old, living in the São
Domingos riverside community, located in Flona Tapajós, state of Pará. Data from this stage
were collected through the use of focus groups and, later transcribed and analyzed using the
Collective Subject Discourse technique - DSC. Scientific production in Latin America is
evolving in terms of quantity, diversity of countries and authors. SEQ demonstrates that studies
on the connection between children and nature highlight this connection as a factor that
positively influences the development of children, especially in the sense of self-perception
with nature. The case study generated 76 CSDs for the set of questions, which reveal that the
child perceives himself in nature and connects with it, as well as mentioning possible actions
that suggest pro-environmental behavior, either in the care with the destination of the garbage
or with plants, in contact with animals, with approximations in affective, cognitive and
experiential dimensions. The case study dialogued with SEQ on the relationship between child
and nature, on the importance of this interaction for a child's full development, which may result
in pro-environmental behaviors in the studied conservation unit.
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