The present study aimed to analyze the contributions of the Program of Professional Rehabilitation of Social Security developed in the RMB for the reintegration of the insured to work, from the theoretical-critical-dialectic perspective, the following guiding questions are essential to guide the research process: Were the insured persons covered by the Vocational Rehabilitation Program reinserted into the labor market? If so, do these workers continue to hold positions for which they have been rehabilitated or not? If not, what are the reasons why these workers did not perform the jobs for which they were rehabilitated? This study has relevance, considering that the Professional Rehabilitation Program is an alternative for workers who are out of the labor market because they are receiving a benefit due to the accident or illness, to return to work. Thus, the locus of the field research consisted of the Rehabilitation services provided by the Belém / Nazaré and Belém / Pedreira Social Security Agencies (APS), while the research subjects were: 8 (eight) rehabilitated insured persons, 1 (one) Representative of the company and 2 (two) professional advisors, so that the temporal cut of this was between the years of 2013 to 2015. This way, it was used of primary sources (semi-structured interview) and secondary (INSS documents). The study was structured starting from the understanding of the work category to be able to understand the contemporary transformations that are taking place in the working world and its implications in the process of professional rehabilitation. We sought to understand the main objective of this service, which is to provide conditions for the rehabilitated worker to re-enter the labor market. This purpose also led us to understand the crisis of contemporary capitalism, emphasizing the crisis experienced since the 1970s, in order to understand the context of the program and its trajectory in the history of social security policy. In this sense, it has become fundamental to discuss social security policy and how social security policy was instituted in Brazil, in particular, since the Professional Rehabilitation Program is one of the services that make up this policy. The results of the research indicate that the Professional Rehabilitation Programs of the agencies surveyed present serious difficulties that directly compromise the quality of this service, such as the absence of vocational courses for the rehabilitators, thus hindering the work of the professional counselor, As it does not have the fundamental instruments to carry out the cases of professional rehabilitation, which mainly affects the life of the worker away from work, which will probably spend more time to benefit and will have less possibilities depending on the profile of the insured - to become a potential worker returning to work but, who will be a worker who has been retired through a set of factors to ensure a right provided by this policy, as so many identified in this study.
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