The present work proposes to discuss the importance of playfulness in the teaching practice of Early Childhood Education, regarding the learning of the child, starting from a study of its meaning and concepts on the development of playfulness to emphasize the need for its effective use in the space of the Santa Maria and Maria Eloisa de Souza school, in the municipality of Abaetetuba. It is known that play activities are important tools that lead the child to develop the practice of reading and writing in a pleasurable and meaningful way. This research used Pedagogical references that provided the necessary orientation for the search of a discussion and reflection about the role of playfulness as a teacher practice in the children's education in the school. In this work, several authors mention the topic, which is a fundamental element of pedagogical practice that seeks to develop the interest and pleasure of reading and social understanding in children at this level of learning. From the analysis of the teaching-learning process through playfulness, it is noticed that the playful and the child are under the influence of both and deserve great attention, because of the playful relationship and child is born learning. It should also be emphasized that this research was developed through qualitative research, observing the reality of practice in Santa Maria school. Thus, a questionnaire was applied to understand the teaching-learning process in the researched school. Such a vision allowed us to reflect on the pedagogical practice that determines the aspects listed in the research. It is believed that the structured planning, organized and proposed for the classes can, with the ludic activities, contribute to the development of learning in childhood.
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