This work has as its theme “the role of school physical education in the fight against childhood obesity”. Our objective with this study was to contextualize the role of physical education in the fight against obesity in children. Physical education classes, with their specific body practices, provide a possible space for the adoption of measures to prevent and combat this epidemic of obesity in children. In this sense, we must understand the importance of school physical education as a tool for the prevention and treatment of childhood obesity, making children aware of this issue. In addition, we seek to identify the main causes and consequences of childhood obesity. For that, a bibliographic review was carried out with articles found in research platforms available on the internet such as: Google academic, Scielo, Periodical CAPES and others. Our results showed that childhood obesity reached alarming numbers as shown by data from the World Health Organization and these numbers worsened during the COVID – 19 pandemic. In this sense, we can conclude that with the prevalence of obesity in children in Brazil and the importance of preventing this disease, school and physical education classes have been considered the best spaces to address this issue, in addition to being important for interventions necessary that are within the reach of the physical education teacher and the school, since teachers with this very close contact with students, makes evident the possible effectiveness of physical education in combating childhood obesity.
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